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Why do we pay taxes? Tomaso Freddi

Every year, during the budget law, politics, newspapers and television, break loose on the issue of taxes necessary to meet the increasingly high and complex needs of the state.
The emphasis by many on the ethical duty of every citizen not to escape, but someone raises the basic question: what use many resources to the state? Where and how are they used? Are really necessary? They are useful to the citizens? There may be less costly solution? The withdrawal forced by the State is justified in the light of qualitative and quantitative results that are deducted from them, or other organizational solutions could be taken into account, cheaper and more efficient?

A detailed answer is not given, because man is basically used to everything, and, over time, ends up accepting as normal crazy things, as you would realize if you objectively analyze the reasons why we are forcibly deprived of at least half of our income. It would be enough to wonder why in the space of one hundred years it has gone from a levy on average by about 10% to almost 50%. How can it be a public expenditure as a percentage of income increased fivefold, while noting that for reasons of social solidarity, the "welfare" before almost non-existent, has been enhanced, and in some areas from the ground up.
It should be noted that the citizens have accepted the payment of taxes as one of the many misfortunes that are part of this world. Escape, or even evade them, is regarded by the media and by public opinion like a steal (from a layman), or a sin (the religious point of view). Actually you should consider as a culpable lack of solidarity with fellow sufferers. It is evident the misleading tactics of those who govern us, time to focus on this aspect of the problem, instead of focusing on his true nature and understand whether it is a misfortune indeed inevitable.

We see instead of responding objectively to the real question that must be asked, namely whether and to what, the forced removal of wealth from the pockets of citizens is justified, or whether it should be regarded as neither more nor less than an outright legalized theft.
The answer can be succinctly expressed as follows: the taxpaying citizens pay taxes for three major purposes. To make a social redistribution of resources between rich and poor, to receive in exchange for services that only the state can provide and to buy services that could be purchased elsewhere.
basis of the finding, can hardly be denied that the state is a poor manager and is not able to operate with sufficient efficiency, it is to intervene in all three areas contained in the sense that minimize its powers, in connection with the operations indispensable.

First, the social measures, which are substantiated in a redistribution of wealth from individual to individual, must be distinguished from the provision of services. Otherwise we risk, as happens regularly, of confusing efficiency and social justice on every subject covered by state intervention and the end result did not understand more the true purpose. In practice, this means that the tax is intended to ensure that all citizens, not just for the handicapped, a minimum level of income sufficient to live in dignity, is certainly justified, must be proportionate to the general conditions of the country's wealth, but not necessarily social justice should be the direct provision of those services. In other words, even though it is right that the State is concerned to create a modern system of "welfare" for reasons of efficiency and quality of services should be limited to provide citizens with the economic means (voucher), without directly in the provision of services, allowing users the freedom to choose where to go and buy them according to market logic.
addition, in order to alleviate the state function, reduce bureaucracy, to hit with greater accuracy and precision the social needs, the law enforcement part of this imposing taxes must leave room for individual initiative having the same purposes, which may be a substitute, in whole or in part, the tax itself (the example of the recent implementation of five per thousand).

Once placed the social problem, the provision of services must strictly observe the rule of horizontal subsidiarity. As is known, this rule states that everything that can be provided by private initiatives should not be monopolized by the state. If the State deems to participate in the provision, the face, but without any privileges, respecting the laws of competition and market, leaving citizens with freedom of choice. As you see, is a very simple and clear. You only need the will to implement it.

It must be recognized that services and functions for which the state may pose only in terms of the monopolist. But they are not all. Security, foreign policy, justice, environmental policy, preservation of cultural heritage, basic research, represent the most valuable examples. For them the issue of privatization, again in order to increase efficiency and reduce costs, can arise only in terms of subcontracting, and even limited to this, the results can be far from negligible.
For many other services, and among the most expensive and we want to mention the significant education and health, the direct provision of the state is absolutely unjustified. Competition from private companies may result in a substantial increase of quality and cost reduction. Citizens should have the opportunity to freely choose the services you prefer and not be forced to accept by force unique products. This is a purchase like any other.
The creation of the infrastructure, then, needs to be planned by a government department, but no more. The project financing has proved to work well. It should be encouraged and liberalized in the construction of large and small works.

In conclusion, from the conviction supported by the facts that everything is a state administration and public works bad, is expensive, bloated bureaucracy with no possibility of operating improvements, the only way forward is to simplify the structure of public, private, entrusting to all that is possible, including through subcontracts.
must be convinced that a policy of liberalization of the processes of public service provision and application of the principle of subsidiarity, in the manner described above, can lead to a substantial reduction in the tax rate than exists today, and this without touching the contribution public welfare state, which is implemented through policies of redistribution. Just so the public could evaluate positively the tax levy, ensuring a more direct correspondence between what they pay and what they receive, only then evaders could be considered thieves and sinners.
However it should be and always avoid the vicious circle: "The more you tax and sets, the company is less mobile and less efforts are rewarded and individual investments, and so the greater the demand for redistribution and therefore taxes. "(from Alesina-Giavazzi:" Goodbye Europe ").

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democracy and economic development by Lavoce.info - International

Lavoce.info - International

As always told our member Tomaso Freddi, economic development is first and then political freedom. Tabellini this interesting article on the subject.

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But China .... - Thomas Freddi

I do not believe that in nature there are laws absolutely valid, but that trade represents for humanity as a valid tool to generate wealth and maintain peace among the peoples in history is a rule with very rare exceptions. As Frédéric Bastiat
said, "if a border is crossed by the goods, eventually witnessing the march of armies." I am also convinced that we can not prevent every man to free trade and protectionist barrier that any end to cause the damage of all. It 's my way of saying that they are for peace.
There is an undeniable fact which one must go: we live in a period history in which our industrial supremacy is strongly attacked by developing nations, which are acknowledged to have organizational skills and work more competitive or at least equal to ours. In this respect, China is emblematic of this nation, but many others are the following and will be able to play in the near future an important role in world trade.
As in sports competitions, our country is in a position to have an advantage to defend against opponents that are catching up and having to muster all the resources at its disposal to maintain a position of favor. The question is whether we can do it or not, but we have no alternative.
Use suitable protective duties and levies by creating not only a priori means to admit our defeat, but condemned to immobility, a self-sufficient isolation in which our people would live in the inertia and the illusion of being able to maintain the current standard of living. In fact, we all know that we would end soon overtaken by the rest of the world without even having tried to react, heading for a sudden collapse, delayed in time, but a harbinger of more serious and irrecoverable damage.
In this historical moment the world is witnessing the emergence of countries and peoples, for many reasons have remained prisoners of the past regimes and cultures are wrong. All of us, and in particular those who always strive for a more equitable distribution of wealth, we should be happy. In the end, we applied the Christian teaching according to which the poor and underdeveloped nations do not have to give fish but teach to fish.
The process of economic integration is taking place. It leads to a new division of labor whose consequences have a negative impact on jobs in Europe. It 's inevitable. Is being repeated in developing nations that process of development capital and labor that has characterized the Western countries, although to an extent and at different times in the last century.
We must take note of this fact, perfectly legitimate for those who want the good of humanity. We must act accordingly, trying to make the best possible, also perfectly legitimate, in the process of transformation. This has always been the alternative that has historically been presented at the changes: be conservative or innovative. Sure would have been more tranquil, and even more in line with the natural attitude of laziness of most men, remain in the "status quo", but the facts do not.
Therefore, we must accept the challenge. With the war? To impose by force our will on those people? You will all agree with me not to even consider this possibility. We must accept the challenge in economic terms.
As with all challenges, we do not know if we will succeed or not to maintain the current standard of living (health and welfare). I think it is very likely that we will have to give up something, but without the commitment and contribution of all, it being blessed and peaceful in the shelter of protectionist barriers invoked, we should certainly give up a lot more.
the lack of protection has already set in motion all companies, large and small. Already today, in excess of what is perceived through the newspapers, the greatest attention is paid to these countries. It has created a new cultural attitude, which led and continues to bring great change initiatives. We are seeing the negative sides, especially the relocation of many manufacturing activities with a consequent loss of jobs. Instead, we are not refractory to consider the advantages that from today our economy can take a similar upheaval.
First, the availability of consumer products at very low prices, that all Europeans (and workers in particular) can be purchased, resulting in increased purchasing power. With the imposition of duties, however, they should be paid to local producers, the equivalent of a tax, with subsequent depletion, beginning with the weakest classes. Secondly, the lack of protection is causing an increase in investment in niche products and organization sales networks, (because difficult to detect statistically). These are important initiatives, which for the first time bring our country to operate in terms of globalization.
But the benefits are more consistent in the integration of different economies, producing benefits to both parties. Difficult to explain how this process works out in practice, because it varies from product to product and is the result of extensive choices that take account of different strategies and different realities. The result often leads to impossible to ascertain the origin of the product. It must give priority to the design, manufacturing equipment (if this occurs within a single country), marketing or distribution? When we read "made in Italy" or "Made in China", which means? Who has the right to affix the word "made"? For many products manufacture, we think that for historical heritage constitutes the most important element, is not even 10-20% of the total cost. We have not yet fully understood that what gives value to the product is the brand name, quality, as well as the product enters the market, in the opinion which gives the customer.
The integration of markets and different economies tend, through the decisions of countless actors, in order to maximize the value of products for the benefit of all. But the job? Additional of work is not lost in the occurrence of the outsourcing of production, but have gradually disappeared before, hand in hand with the loss of competitiveness, becoming useless jobs and in some ways harmful. It should not be forced to insist on keeping alive. The damage would cost more than the inevitable social safety net that no doubt should be implemented.
The main criticism that will be moved to these basic considerations is the lack of common rules, resulting in distortion of the market. It follows, according to critics, a framework of unfair competition, dumping actions put in place by a totalitarian state, both in terms of raw materials social fields. This unfortunately is true and forces us to compete in terms of obvious inferiority.
But how much longer can continue to stay alive a totalitarian regime with a development like the one we are seeing? How long will the prosperity attained in significant segments of the population will be compatible with the system of a country that denies democracy and civil rights? Already achieved in economic conditions in China, for example, should be built a labor movement capable of pushing up wages in parallel with the increase in available resources, as seems to be happening in India. Until now this has not happened is because authoritarianism the political regime established in the country not to allow it. Just as the dumping of raw materials (eg steel) operated by the state, with resources for citizens wrongly withheld, would be very difficult to sustain in a democracy with freedom of information.
How long will the current situation continue? It also depends on us, or rather from all over the Western world. Not in the sense of giving rise to an imperialist war, but acting with the information and world public opinion that not only the economy but also the political regime becomes liberal. History teaches us that the first generation of middle class can only be satisfied with the wealth experience, but that the second or third generation, in the absence of the most basic civil and democratic rights inevitably produce a political opposition, even revolutionary. In the meantime, we must necessarily accept the challenge under the present conditions and be aware that sacrifices lie ahead, the more the more we are unable to counter the competitive level the work of emerging countries.

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Listening to "little stories" in the great story. The challenge of Islam

Pansa was recently accused of revisionism for the book "The losers" and now for his latest anti-"Prisoners of Silence".
are books that do a lot to discuss.
Pansa is very good in choosing to tell stories that arouse controversy where the noise increases the popularity of his books.
I frankly do not find in this book is neither anti-revisionism, I am rather surprised that we be surprised when you tell the dark side of history.
Those who love history knows how many dark sides behind the great stories told by those who won.
When a faithful chronicler tells them not be surprised or shocked. Simply become aware that these things really happened.
The so-called realpolitik or reason of state has uncovered huge infamy, and identified by some others that we will never know.
The big story is always passed on to so many innocent people who were unwitting pawns in a game that did not take into account them.
What could the PCI timing of the Cominform and the Cold War to the Communists fled from Italy who were killed or tortured by the militia of Tito?
Perhaps nothing more than what he did. If anything, one must ask why try to hide those facts. This is the bane of today's society: to divide the good from the bad ones who are never wrong do not make a right. It must therefore be
lie, ignore what is inconvenient and does not back the bill.
many dark sides can also be found in current history?
The role of the West in the mass killings carried out by Saddam Hussein when it was still an awkward partner, the crimes committed by the Chinese regime by which we seek in all ways of doing business; Putin, the current close friend of our chairman of the board and former head of the KGB, is erecting monuments in Russia quell'Andropov and internal dissidents in psychiatric hospitals and is drawing a veil of silence about what is happening in Chechnya.
The list goes on and on.
Pansa and I hope others have much less noble material to tell stories, but still humanly important, that there must shock and provide opportunities for political manipulation, but simply to reflect on the nature of men.
... and we think we live in an age so distant or different from that they lived in the protagonists of these past events.

Western Sayings, Prettier

Officials at the contributions of the very interesting article on Islam Cassoli (go to link) that introduced this event with members and sympathizers of Alexis and add some of my considerations in the debate.
Being a speech on a blog it is obvious that I will be very brief.
I state that I find the comments of Cassoli very thorough, shared and calm.
Because they are among those who consider Islam the issue will be decisive for the future of our society, our families and our children I think we should be very specific in dealing with.
The complexity of the world prevents us from where we are living apart from the question: is it for? and who is it for?
our behaviors and those of our governments will be guided by this consideration to leaving the purely ideological.
seems to me that the American strategy is deemed essential Cassoli stick. This thesis is based on the conviction that the moderate Arab partners, worried by the force of American arms would not "attract" the fundamentalist temptation. It added that American military power is such that it can subdue the world.
But I wonder if you can measure the success of a military operation only for what happens on the battlefield. After the pitched battle there is what is happening in Iraq. The normalization of a country.
The situation in Iraq is destabilized than before the war. I mean that in order to destabilize the country is in the hands of fringe fundamentalist and terrorist groups.
I also believe that Americans soon will seek a way out of the disastrous situation in Iraq that allows him to limit the damage.
This "retreat" even more unfortunately leave the field open to radical militias. If it is true as
Cassoli says that 150 million people belong to militant Islam, and at least 500 million Muslims are strongly anti-American movement that has produced this campaign military from one side (of course exclude the possibility that they have become pro-American)?
A solution of radical force is not viable if we exclude a mass genocide of such size as to fade the story.
The use of force, must necessarily be limited to international police operations, targeted, limited. It will be important to have a broad political consensus, unite and not divide the Western world, to cultivate good relations with moderate Arab world is not based on fear.
Unfortunately this is not what happened in Iraq. Bin Laden may be of interest only to a progression of the spiral of violence. Not by chance, in fact, reappear in a manner so American Journal before the vote (a beautiful spot pro-Bush). Oriana Fallaci

I follow in choosing convinced than their values. We must choose to be Western. Our achievements are too precious (liberalism, constitutionalism, democracy, human rights, equality between men and women, tolerance) for being indifferent. If this is his cry of pain I concur.
But I wonder: can it be consistent with these values \u200b\u200bengaging in a clash of civilizations that presupposes the superiority of one culture over others?
If we accompany the dialogue limited the use of force, we may use attitudes of superiority? Who is
willing to talk to someone who feels superior to him?
If it is true that the Arab world that the lives of his obsession with decadence and suffers from an inferiority complex towards the West does not need great expertise in psychology to understand that the dialogue can only occur between people who respect each other and in reported differences.
Our values \u200b\u200bare precious, but to lose a little of our superiority, it will be appropriate to reflect inconsistency of our behavior than the values \u200b\u200bbandied about.
I will not dwell on lies, more or less aware, a lot of propaganda to justify international questionable choices in recent years.
will be appropriate also reflect on the values \u200b\u200bof historicizing.
values \u200b\u200bare almost never absolute and immutable but are conditioned by historical period, from social change.
Even in Western society have been known to religious, political absolutism of divine origin.
Even today, quite rightly points out Cassoli, equal opportunities of women in our society are still an issue in the making. In some areas of our country the situation is even worse.
how we would react or how to react if arrival of the "advanced" that requires us to change where we are not culturally ready yet?

final summary reflection on immigration policies. The extra-EU workforce
is essential for the development of our economy.
fully share the opinion that it considers dangerous Cassoli multiculturalism in our society. Who wants our citizens can practice the religion they want but must adhere fully to our laws and our constitutional principles.
But we have to provide an alternative. Non-EU workers, with a regular employment contract, may enter and exit our country without having to put down roots, maintaining close relationships with family of origin.
The fear of being unable to return to Italy, once gone, forcing many to choose to stay forever, even if you are not willing to that supplement which I mentioned before.
A sensible policy must provide for the 2 binary: those who remain, temporarily, to work and those who decide to stay forever but with the rights and duties of any European citizen.
In this regard, I suggest a reading on this subject: "The arms, not the soul: a new way of being an immigrant" - taken from Giuseppe Sacco Limes, our Islam.
http://www.alexisdt.it/extdoc/IslamEuropeoeCulturaOccidentale1.pdf